Introduction
Beihai, southernmost
city of Guangxi, is located on the northeast shore of the Beibu Gulf (北部湾, Gulf of Tonkin), and adjoins Guangdong Province in the east. The total
area of Beihai is 3,337 km2, and the population is 1,539,300. It contains
three districts and one county: Haicheng District (海城区), Yinhai District (银海区), Tieshangang District (铁山港区) and Hepu County (合浦县).
Beihai, a
beautiful city that has a subtropical seaside scene, is honored with the title
of "China Excellent Tourism City" (中国优秀旅游城市). It has a long history of
opening up and a profound cultural background, and it is also an important port
of departure of the Maritime Silk Road. Now Beihai is one of the state-listed famous historical and cultural cities (国家历史文化名城).
Etymology
The name "Beihai"
(北海), which means "north of the sea", comes from a fishing
village of the same name on the north coast. The land was first developed by
Tanka (疍家) fishermen and they lived in the village near the harbor for years. The
village was so named because the sea is to the north of the harbor.
According
to historical data records, the word "Beihai" can date back to the
Song dynasty (宋朝) or even the Wei Jin Southern and
Northern Dynasties (魏晋南北朝). It was officially used as a
place name in the Qing dynasty (清朝). The Qing government established
Beihai Zhenbiao (北海镇标)[1] in the first year
of Kangxi (康熙元年, 1662). And Beihai City began to
form in the period of the Qianlong Emperor (乾隆年间).
Climate
Beihai has
a subtropical maritime monsoon climate characterized by warm temperatures, high
humidity, high air quality, plenty of rainfall and sunshine. The average annual
temperature is 22.9 ℃ (73.2 ℉), while extremes have ranged from 2.0 to
37.1 ℃ (35.6 to 98.8 ℉). The average annual rainfall is 1670 mm (65.75
inches), and the average annual hours of sunshine are 2,009. Major meteorological
disasters include typhoons, spring droughts, overcast and rainy days, heavy
downpours, Hanlufengs (寒露风)[2], Frost injuries (霜冻), etc.
Every
year, the rainfall and humidity begins to increase gradually in spring, and
sometimes continuous overcast and rainy weather will occur. The average maximum
temperature in summer is 32-33 ℃ (90-91 ℉). Though it is not
too high, you'll feel hot and humid because of the high humidity. In addition,
the summer is a season of rains and typhoons. Heavy rains frequently occur and
the monthly rainfall may be up to 300-400 mm (11.8-15.7 inches). In autumn the
rainfall declines sharply and the air is crisp. The rainfall is much less in
winter and the monthly rainfall is approximately 20-30 mm (0.79-1.18 inches).
The weather is not cold and the average temperature is around 15 ℃ (59 ℉). In short, April to November is the best time of year to visit
Beihai.
1. The Zhenbiao (镇标) is the Green Standard Army (绿营兵) which was commanded by Zongbing (总兵, a brigadier general) in the Qing dynasty.
2. Hanlufeng (寒露风) is a cold weather that causes
a reduction of rice production when the cold air invades and the temperature
significantly drops in autumn. It happens in South China in Hanlu (寒露), which is one
of the 24 solar terms (节气).
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